In the Western Balkans, only Croatia and the Republic of Macedonia are currently recognized as EU candidates. All the other states are still waiting for Stabilization and Association Agreements (SAA) or candidate country status. Firstly, the ethnical and religious mosaic of Balkans is described with a reminder of its tumultuous history, ending with the agony of Yugoslavia. Secondly, recent economic developments are outlined. Needs for large-scale support from the EU—a basic condition for future recovery—are finally emphasized and quantified.