The emergence of a new form of Web-mapping based on techniques and principles of Web 2.0 may be seen as an opportunity for participatory mapping. The acceleration of spatial data diffusion on the Web, generalisation of its use and diversification of its use generate unprecedented research perspectives. After exploring this new opportunities, we advance the hypothesis that critical cartography can offer a theoretical, suitable framework which could contribute to this debate, under the condition that partial conceptual renewal is envisaged, allowing the changes produced by the digital nature of spatial data.