An investigation into the Ergenekon casewas opened in 2007, shedding light on subversive plans aimed at the Turkish State. Above and beyond facts which have yet to be fully established, the case has awider meaningwithin a debatewhich is central to the political scene in Turkey : the link between the real State and the ‘deep State’. The ‘deep State’ is a system of influences and allegiances which runs parallel to the official institutions. The Ergenekon case currently bearswitness to the country’s political division, but may eventually lead to an evolution of the country’s institutions.