The focus of this paper is to bring elements of reflection regarding the use and the relevance of the notion of community, by taking the example of the Jewish world. It highlights the interest of the spatial dimension for the analysis of the relations between religion and community. In opposition to the essentializing visions of communities that consider them as homogeneous and closed, we underline the contrast between the widespread representation of a unified and uniform Jewish community, and the internal diversity of the Jewish world. It is not so much drawing community boundaries, rather than understanding the spatial dimension of the construction of plural communities.