The messianic and eschatological hopes and anxieties were spread out in the sixteenth century. This paper analyses the role of prophecy and messianic expectations in the revolt of the Comunidades of Castile. During the years 1520-1521, the Castilian cities rised up against the government of the king Charles V. On this context, the rebels explained their actions relating them with a divine intervention on earth. Then, the messianic expectations and the circulation of prophecies need to be considered in a vaster religious perspective which characterizes the revolt of the comuneros of Castile.