Langue française n° 160 (4/2008)
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The figure of speech is a process which demonstrates the fact that words do not produce meaning as a “mirror” of things in the extralinguistic world, but according to linguistic representations, or points of view. These points of view appear in utterances or fragments of utterances, referring either to a first speaker/enunciator, or to second enunciators. The dialogic figure of speech process is based on the unexpected production of a point of view with regard to habitual ways of thinking and speaking, and relies on the singularity of a tangible experience and its meaning. According to this approach, the first speaker/enunciator assumes responsibility for his points of view and takes into account the points of view of second enunciators, in order to appropriate them and distance himself from them. There is a tension in the confronted points of view between an interactional dimension and a cognitive dimension, which become privileged expressions of a problematic enunciation.