Our purpose is to identify the characteristics of a PE teacher’s activity in a difficult environment through the study of his/her professional didactic actions. Our methodology calls for confronting filmed data with those from interviews ante/ post interaction, in order to study the theoretical and practical knowledge introduced (or not) for study, in its relationship to the preoccupations, strategies and interpretations of the teacher. The results of this study show that the teacher’s choices results from dilemmas in the conciliation of different teaching topics and different technical, strategic or social types in order to preserve the meaning of their learning for the pupils, to maintain control of the classroom, and to make pupils responsible for their learning.